How does a boat or ship carrying heavy cargo float while that same cargo would sink to the bottom of the ocean if dumped overboard?

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ShipArchimedes invented the principle of buoyancy which states that an object fully or partly immersed in a liquid is buoyed upward by a force equal to the weight of the liquid moved by that object. From this principle he deduced that a floating object displaces an amount of liquid equal to its own weight.

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